The Controversy Concerning The Ethics Of Human Cloning

Clones are humans. This statement embodies the crux of the controversy regarding the ethics of human cloning. If clones are humans, then they should receive the same rights as humans who were born ‘naturally’. But how do you determine humanity? The film Never Let Me Go (2010), based on Kazuo Ishiguro’s novel of the same name, helps answer the question â€Å"Should we clone?† by establishing that humanity is more than the way one enters the world and by highlighting the unethical issues that may arise from cloning. Never Let Me Go illustrates the humanity of the cloned characters - Kathy, Tommy, and Ruth - as they attempt to determine the roles they play in the world. The film begins by introducing the characters when they were children attending Hailsham School. Just like ‘normal’ children, they seek companionship from each other and in the process realize the complexities of their relationships with each other. Tommy, for instance, has difficulty relating to his peers. When he isn t picked to be a part of the soccer team and is told â€Å"Looks like no one wants you,† he expresses his frustration by throwing a tantrum. And just like ‘normal’ children, they derive happiness from the simple moments. Simple moments such as when Ruth fantasizes about owning five horses like Ruth or when Kathy listens to the music she received from her crush, Tommy. When they grow older and move from Hailsham to live in the cottages, the complexities increase. As the relationship b etweenShow MoreRelatedWhat Are the Ethical Issues of Human Cloning1463 Words   |  6 Pagesongoing controversy regarding the issue of human cloning in countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia which have made attempts or have done research in reproductive cloning. Countries like Australia have prohibited human cloning in 2006. (NHMRC, 2007) Advocates who involve congress members, editorial writers, fertility specialists...and so on gave benefits of human cloning, yet not enough to justify the moral and ethical issues underlying the controversy. Human cloning refersRead More Embryonic Wars Essay1634 Words   |  7 Pages The specific objective of this major essay is to clarify and summarise the controversial debate concerning the ethical decency of embryonic cloning for therapeutic purposes. This is the form of cloning that is supposedly beneficial to a barrage of medical applications. We will identify the key opposing ethical perspectives such as those of the justification of embryonic research based on the normative theory of consequentialism. This paper will also probe into the relatively brief history of theRead MoreEssay on Cloning Informative Speech1597 Words   |  7 PagesCloning and Stem Cell Research S/P: To inform my audience about cloning and cell stem research. C/I: The benefits and ethical issues of cloning and cell stem research. Introduction Specific purpose: Today I’m going to inform you about â€Å"Cloning Technology and Stem Cell Research†. Attention getter: Imagine yourself dying from heart disease or liver failure, and the only way to live was to have an exact clone of your heartRead MoreThe Ethical Dilemma Of Embryonic Stem Cells958 Words   |  4 Pagesperform one specialized task. Contrary to these single job cells are stem cells. These cells are unspecialized and can morph and perform any task that is needed within the body. However, the way that stem cells are harvested has caused a lot of controversy. The way that the stem cells are taken destroys the embryo. We should support the recent decision to allow embryonic stem-cell research in the United States and federally fund the work to use these stem cells to cure diseases. Better stem cell researchRead MoreThe Ethics Of Human Cloning Essay1927 Words   |  8 Pagesis created, and this act of reproductive cloning is regarded with controversy; is it morally permissible, or is it morally grotesque. There are certain elements to consider when debating the ethics of human cloning. Leon Kass in his article â€Å"The Wisdom of Repugnance† contends that reproductive cloning is morally corrupt, describing it as offensive, repulsive, and repugnant, believing these terms to be commonly associated with regards to human cloning. Kass goes forth with his arguments byRead MoreStem Cell Research, Ethics And Policy Essay2393 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction Stem cell research and engineering is a widely disputed topic that often divides people in science, ethics, and religion. In order to fully understand the controversy surrounding this area of scientific research and discovery, one must be informed as to what stem cells are. In the article, â€Å"Human Embryonic Stem Cells: Research, Ethics and Policy†, stem cells are described as â€Å"primitive cells with the capacity to divide and give rise to more identical stem cells or to specialize andRead MoreCloning and Stem Cell Research2062 Words   |  9 PagesCory King ENG 120 Sec. 02 Spring 2002 March 15, 2002 Cloning, and Stem Cell Research Technology has advanced a great deal within the past few years. We have learned so much information about animals genes and what can be done with them. However, with this new information brings new questions and arguments. So far, scientists have successfully cloned a sheep, a monkey, a bull, and are working on an endangered breed of ox, of course cloning animals and conducting research on those animals doesRead MoreEmbryo Based Stem Cell Research1171 Words   |  5 Pages Embryo-based stem cell research The controversy concerning the ethical dilemma related to stem cell research rages on. One particular basis of this controversy emanates from the fact that embryonic stem cells research derives its stem cells from destroyed embryos. Stem cells are cells that are yet to be specialized into specific tissue that serves specific function in the organism. Some radical scientists have labeled these cells the building blocks of future medical and biotechnical researchRead More Cloning and Stem Cell Research Essay1992 Words   |  8 PagesCloning and Stem Cell Research   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Technology has advanced a great deal within the past few years. We have learned so much information about animals genes and what can be done with them. However, with this new information brings new questions and arguments. So far, scientists have successfully cloned a sheep, a monkey, a bull, and are working on an endangered breed of ox, of course cloning animals and conducting research on those animals does not concern many people. When people begin discussingRead More The Medical and Ethical Perspectives of Human Cloning Essay1807 Words   |  8 PagesPerspectives of Human Cloning      Ã‚  Ã‚   In our modern day world, the technology of genetic engineering and human cloning for the use of asexual reproduction has reached a point to where we must ask ourselves if it is a good practice for medical purposes, or if it presents issues of ethical and moral concern.   Human cloning is a very cmplex process; it is very multilayered in the promises and threats that are suggested by scientists (Kolata 8).   In the basic definition, cloning is accomplished by

The Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century

From the 18th to the 19th centuries, Britain was a far more developed country than any others in the world. There are more than one factor that made the Industrial Revolution happened first in Britain, some examples are: The Agricultural Revolution, the growth of population, The Enlightenment and the Scientific Revolution, World Trading, and the Cottage Industry. With all those factors, it comes down to: What started the Industrial Revolution? The clothe industry was one of the big factor. Unlike modern day, clothe was used to be made by hand or through a cotton spinning wheel. It takes a lot of skills and time consuming for anyone to do so, to create clothing and then produce a large amount alone. However, as more population grew in England, more people demanded clothes. It was then in the 18th centuries, cotton labor was moved to a factory. Cotton was the most favored to use to make clothes because it was less expensive than silk. In 1733, James Kay developed an advanced weaving ma chine called â€Å"Flying Shuttle†. â€Å"The machine only came into general use in the 1760s—after decades of trial-and-error improvements—but once adopted, this first big invention in the textile industry doubled worker productivity: one adult weaver could accomplish the work of two† (Ashton). The Flying Shuttle was one of the big inventions that started the train of ideas for other inventors to create more and more advance technologies. With more and more weaving machine being created, the clothingShow MoreRelatedThe Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century1468 Words   |  6 Pages The industrial revolution began in the 18th and 19th centuries. During this time most people lived on farms or in small rural villages. Prior to the industrial revolution most manufacturing was done in homes using hand tools and simple basic machines. People lived where their daily existences revolved around farming. Life for the average person was difficult, as inco mes were meager, and malnourishment and disease were common. People produced the bulk of their own food, clothing, furniture and toolsRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century1521 Words   |  7 PagesThe Industrial Revolution was an important milestone in history and influenced almost every part of the standard of living. From the new discoveries in technology there became new jobs available, which presented new working conditions, and the middle class had a new outlook on life. During the 19th century, changes and new ideas formed what would advance the modern world, the shift from an agricultural and handmade economy to a machine and manufactured one (Judge 664). Goods like coal, iron, andRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century973 Words   |  4 Pages The industrial revolution was a time of urbanisation, social and technological change that took place during the 18th and 19th centuries. Economic growth changed the British peoples experiences in all aspects of their lives including how they worked and travelled. Although it was harsh period of time for millions of people, due to the working conditions, it was also an advantage as it was a world-changing period of time. Before the industrial revolution took place, people lived their lives in aRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century955 Words   |  4 PagesIn the late 18th and early 19th centuries Europe found itself dealing with vast changes in its way of life. The Industrial Revolution took Europeans from the rural countryside into the urban powerhouses as the continent experienced a sudden shift in everyday living, economic structure, and social hierarchy. This sudden change in how Europe was ran from an economic standpoint caused yet another rift between the proletariats and bourgeoisies. Life became difficult for the newly founded working classRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century2363 Words   |  10 PagesDuring the late 1800s and early 1900s, the Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and the working class worked tirelessly to produce products. Textiles were made faster and cheaper, food was more abundant, and the standard of living increased for many people. To industrialize Great Britain, laborers worked in factories and mills under horrible conditions. Despite attempts by Parliament to address problems with the factories’ working conditions through the passage of new legislation, theirRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century Essay1357 Words   |  6 PagesThe Industrial Revolution occurred in Britain from 1760 to 1840. During this time many people moved from farming areas to the city for work. Britain had three different classes, upper, middle and working/lower. These three classes had different living and working conditions. The lower class had the harshest conditions and punishments out of the three, they worked 12 hours a day and then went home to a crowded diseased ridden house late a night. The middle class actually benefitted from the revolutionRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century851 Words   |  4 Pagesand most crucial changes for today’s modern society was the Industrial Revolution. The Industrial Revolution brought many changes to the societies that experienced the process of industrialization. Some of the changes benefited society, while others caused harm to most of the society. Most affected by these changes was the working class of these societies. The Industrial Revolution that took place throughout the 18th and the 19th centuries had major effects which influenced every aspect of societyRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution During Mid 19th Century843 Words   |  4 PagesWith the Industrial Revolution at its dawn during mid-19th century, England’s Northern towns and cities began to alter drastically as advances in science and technology were proceeding to reshape the world. Beyond just transforming the society and its culture; industry, technology, and commerce, as agents of reforming the old social order, brought an immense demand for the urbanization of towns and cities. Consequently, the cities of Northern England went through an architectural metamorphosis ofRead MoreThe First Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century Essay1889 Words   |  8 PagesFirst Industrial Revolution started prior to the 18th century in the 1700’s. The prior events that started up the industrial revolution began with some innovations that were very basic, but are key to the rise of the revolution. These were small hand tools, which had been created to work on houses/barns, live stalk, and so on. The most basic machines were invented in this time too, but giving the time for a revolution t o appear through these new ideas that had been created. The first Industrial RevolutionRead MoreA Brief Note On The Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century910 Words   |  4 Pages(Isolationism) During which of 1543-1616 Tokugawa Ieyasu isolated the island. In 1614 he dealt with the idea of Christianity he made it illegal. He deported all of the priest off the island. His grandson actually made it forbidden for any Japanese people from leaving the country as well as coming back to the country. He also made it forbidden for any western missionaries from coming back into the country as well. (Industrial revolution) The industrial revolution started in Britain in the 18th century. The The Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century The Industrial Revolution was an important milestone in history and influenced almost every part of the standard of living. From the new discoveries in technology there became new jobs available, which presented new working conditions, and the middle class had a new outlook on life. During the 19th century, changes and new ideas formed what would advance the modern world, the shift from an agricultural and handmade economy to a machine and manufactured one (Judge 664). Goods like coal, iron, and textiles, the discovery of electricity, railroads and the use of steel, are all part of what is referred to as the Industrial Revolution. â€Å"Steam engines furnish the means not only of their support but of their multiplication. They create a vast†¦show more content†¦The steam engine went on to power many other machines and lead to the great inventions of the Industrial Revolution era. â€Å"Great inventions are never, and great discoveries are seldom, the work of any one mind† (Thurston 3). The producing of textiles was becoming very popular and lead to become America s leading industry. Textiles mills popped up all over, mostly in the eastern states that were common for production because of the large number of streams the textile mills could easily get their power from. â€Å"One invention followed another, revolutionizing cloth production† (Frader 41). Textile mills grew more popular, which lead to the creation of other inventions like in 1813 Francis C. Lowell and Paul Moody created the power loom that took cotton and wove it into cloth. Lowell then took both the process of cotton producing and weaving and combined them together to make the production of clothes cheaper and more beneficial (Horn). Over time people made advancements in technology that helped produce better and more efficient products. The canal system was one of the first ways of transporting materials of bulk across the country. This lowered the cost of the cargo and stopped people from taking advantage of resources. By 1840 people were using thousands of miles of streams to shipShow MoreRelatedThe Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century1468 Words   |  6 Pages The industrial revolution began in the 18th and 19th centuries. During this time most people lived on farms or in small rural villages. Prior to the industrial revolution most manufacturing was done in homes using hand tools and simple basic machines. People lived where their daily existences revolved around farming. Life for the average person was difficult, as incomes were meager, and malnourishment and disease were common. People produced the bulk of their own food, clothing, furniture and toolsRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century973 Words   |  4 Pages The industrial revolution was a time of urbanisation, social and technological change that took place during the 18th and 19th centuries. Economic growth changed the British peoples experiences in all aspects of their lives including how they worked and travelled. Although it was harsh period of time for millions of people, due to the working conditions, it was also an advantage as it was a world-changing period of time. Before the industrial revolution took place, people lived their lives in aRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century955 Words   |  4 PagesIn the late 18th and early 19th centuries Europe found itself dealing with vast changes in its way of life. The Industrial Revolution took Europeans from the rural countryside into the urban powerhouses as the continent experienced a sudden shift in everyday living, economic structure, and social hierarchy. This sudden change in how Europe was ran from an economic standpoint caused yet another rift between the proletariats and bourgeoisies. Life became difficult for the newly founded working classRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century2363 Words   |  10 PagesDuring the late 1800s and early 1900s, the Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and the working class worked tirelessly to produce products. Textiles were made faster and cheaper, food was more abundant, and the standard of living increased for many people. To industrialize Great Britain, laborers worked in factories and mills under horrible conditions. Despite attempts by Parliament to address problems with the factories’ working conditions through the passage of new legislation, theirRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century1161 Words   |  5 PagesFrom the 18th to the 19th centuries, Britain was a far more developed country than any others in the world. There are more than one factor that made the Industrial Revolution happened first in Britain, some examples are: The Agri cultural Revolution, the growth of population, The Enlightenment and the Scientific Revolution, World Trading, and the Cottage Industry. With all those factors, it comes down to: What started the Industrial Revolution? The clothe industry was one of the big factor. UnlikeRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century Essay1357 Words   |  6 PagesThe Industrial Revolution occurred in Britain from 1760 to 1840. During this time many people moved from farming areas to the city for work. Britain had three different classes, upper, middle and working/lower. These three classes had different living and working conditions. The lower class had the harshest conditions and punishments out of the three, they worked 12 hours a day and then went home to a crowded diseased ridden house late a night. The middle class actually benefitted from the revolutionRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century851 Words   |  4 Pagesand most crucial changes for today’s modern society was the Industrial Revolution. The Industrial Revolution brought many changes to the societies that experienced the process of industrialization. Some of the changes benefited society, while others caused harm to most of the society. Most affected by these changes was the working class of these societies. The Industrial Revolution that took place throughout the 18th and the 19th centuries had major effects which influenced every aspect of societyRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution During Mid 19th Century843 Words   |  4 PagesWith the Industrial Revolution at its dawn during mid-19th century, England’s Northern towns and cities began to alter drastically as advances in science and technology were proceeding to reshape the world. Beyond just transforming the society and its culture; industry, technology, and commerce, as agents of reforming the old social order, brought an immense demand for the urbanization of towns and cities. Consequently, the cities of Northern England went through an architectural metamorphosis ofRead MoreThe First Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century Essay1889 Wor ds   |  8 PagesFirst Industrial Revolution started prior to the 18th century in the 1700’s. The prior events that started up the industrial revolution began with some innovations that were very basic, but are key to the rise of the revolution. These were small hand tools, which had been created to work on houses/barns, live stalk, and so on. The most basic machines were invented in this time too, but giving the time for a revolution to appear through these new ideas that had been created. The first Industrial RevolutionRead MoreA Brief Note On The Industrial Revolution During The 19th Century910 Words   |  4 Pages(Isolationism) During which of 1543-1616 Tokugawa Ieyasu isolated the island. In 1614 he dealt with the idea of Christianity he made it illegal. He deported all of the priest off the island. His grandson actually made it forbidden for any Japanese people from leaving the country as well as coming back to the country. He also made it forbidden for any western missionaries from coming back into the country as well. (Industrial revolution) The industrial revolution started in Britain in the 18th century. The

Criminal Law R v Keli Lane

Question: Write about theCriminal Lawfor R v Keli Lane. Answer: Section 18 of the New South Wales Consolidated Acts, defines Murder and manslaughter. Being charged with murder is considered very upsetting experience. However, it is of benefit for us to know what law has to say to this when you defend yourself in the court. Section 18 of the crimes Act states that a person can be said to have caused murder when the act of the person has caused the death of another person. Four situations have to be fulfilled under section 18 to cause a murder or to make the person guilty of murder. They are the following: There must an intention to cause death. There should be deliberate intention to cause serious body injuries which causes death of another person. When a person is aware of the fact that their actions will cause death. A person can also be charged with murder when another person dies while you are committing some other crime to them. For instance, if you kill someone while conducting sexual assault. This can lead to 25 years of imprisonment. The criminal act of manslaughter takes place when the person committing the actus reus in a homicide but does not have the needed elements of mens rea to apply the liability of the murder. Manslaughter is a single offence but is divided down into two categories and more sub-categories. The two categories are Voluntary and involuntary man slaughter. In this situation it is considered voluntary manslaughter. With the development of common law, manslaughter started to become residual category, which involves the homicide which lacks the high degree of culpability that lay down the elements of murder but lack in culpability. The two basic groups of man slaughter are differentiated in the common law, because they were regarded as one crime and had similar punishments. They are generally known as voluntary manslaughter and non-voluntary manslaughter. Voluntary manslaughter is considered to be serious crimes. The current statues have various formulas most of which depend on the understandings of the common law and refer to manslaughter even without trying to define it. The main element of a murder is homicide with the intention to kill a person, without realising the account the circumstances. The factors that decrease the fact that it is not homicide but murder is regarded as involuntary manslaughter. The conduct is then judged by a reasonable person, then law is considered which frames all the legal and rigid rules. An murder needs the existence of an intention being there to kill not only to cause serious bodily injuries, we can see this in the case of R v Grimwood (1962) 3 All ER 285 and in R v Walker and Hayles (1990) 90 Cr App R 226. Yours Truly, The difference[1] between murder and manslaughter, the prosecution must prove all the needed doubts. In the case, Woolmington (1935) the defendant[2] who had committed the offence had actus rea as well as mens rea that is the state for committing the crime. Murder has an intention to kill as well as causes serious injuries. Actus rea is considered with the intention to cause murder, and it should be unlawful being the main reason of murder. There should be some evidence to take legal action. Elements like blameworthiness, liability, and expectations the most suitable has to be focused on. R v Pagett (1983) talks of legal substances, when the defendant had not fired the gun that had killed his girlfriend. But he was still held liable for her death. Actions[3] do not have to be an individual cause of death as sometimes another persons act also contributes it should only be substantial and an operating cause of the death. The mens rea for murder is the mental state and an essential element that is the intention to kill or cause serious injuries. Such cases show us that although there was no intention to cause harm but he was aware of the risk relating to the harm being caused. This is considered as the most top level of mens rea where it differentiates the two areas of being direct and oblique. Direct intentions are those in which the defendant aims to achieve a goal and accomplishes it. Whereas, the oblique intention[4] arises when the defendant has some kind of purpose in his mind, and to achieve them does certain things that were not needed. We can explain this in Nedrick (1986) case; there are objective and subjective perspectives that have been highlighted in this case. The objective side is the offender saw the victims death[5] would happen and he was aware of the risk he was taking. The subjective[6] part was that the offender saw the death as a certainty. Although there was awareness regarding the possibleness of the injury being caused the offender had no intention to cause death or any serious injury. Thus, here the intention will be considered as oblique as there was no intention to kill anyone his intention was only to scare them. Another crucial element would be recklessness that is a serious risk, involving both the levels of subjective and objective. In case of subjective recklessness[7] the defendant is aware of the risk yet chooses to take the risk. And in objective recklessness is when the person is sensible enough to foresee the risk. Most of us are aware of the fact that murder and manslaughter are considered as different crimes. Where both have different subcategories, murder is either in the first degree or the second degree and manslaughter is voluntary or non-voluntary. Sometimes those who understand the difference between murder and manslaughter it becomes difficult for them to distinguish it. The most difficult is when they have to conceptualize between an unintentional second degree murder and involuntary manslaughter[8]. The Australian Law Reform Commission, in 2004 report, Partial Defences to Murder, in which it was laid down that the current law was termed as mess and was to be reviewed in relation to the law considering murder. Later it was decided that in such cases there will be review. Home Office Minister Fiona Mactaggart announced the terms that there has to be a comprehensive review in case of murder. It has been recommended that instead of the current two level structures[9] of these offenses like murder and man slaughter, there should be three level structures like: First degree murder Second degree[10] murder Manslaughter First degree murder is considered as unlawful killing and when committed has an intention to cause some serious harm where the offender is aware of his act. Second degree murder is when there in unlawful killing involved with the intention to cause harm, the killer had known of the risk he was taking. And manslaughter would consist of killing caused due to negligence[11] and with the intention of criminal act to cause harm to another person. The attorney general has asked the Law Reform Commission[12] to review as well as report to them matters such as defences and partial defences. These reports and reviews involved making background checks and researches, to take in to consideration how the defences work in Australian as well as other jurisdictions and as a part of the consultation process to discuss the options for the reform. Reference List Campbell, Jane. "Financial management for protected persons."Precedent (Sydney, NSW)133 (2016): 46. Chang, Esther, and John Daly.Transitions in nursing: Preparing for professional practice. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2015. Chenoweth, Lynn, et al. "Attracting and retaining qualified nurses in aged and dementia care: outcomes from an Australian study."Journal of nursing management22.2 (2014): 234-247. Dahlen, Hannah G., et al. "Rates of obstetric intervention and associated perinatal mortality and morbidity among low-risk women giving birth in private and public hospitals in NSW (20002008): a linked data population-based cohort study."BMJ open4.5 (2014): e004551. Dobraszczyk, Caroline. "Criminal law: The'bail amendment act'2015."LSJ: Law Society of NSW Journal3.2 (2016): 94. Etzioni, Ruth, et al. "A reality check for overdiagnosis estimates associated with breast cancer screening."Journal of the National Cancer Institute106.12 (2014): dju315. Jarvis, Scott. "Proposed Residential Building Development Bushfire Assessnient Compliance Report Lot 18/20/22 Section 2 DP 976580 3 Marinella Street Manly Vale NSW 2093." (2013). Parrish, Albert, ed.Mechanical engineer's reference book. Elsevier, 2014. Rana, Malay, et al. "Fat-soluble vitamin deficiency in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis."Journal of clinical pathology(2014): jclinpath-2013. Robinson, Mark, and Jnana Gumbert. "Judicial review and the lifetime care and support scheme NSW."Precedent (Sydney, NSW)133 (2016): 18. Sinclair, Craig A., et al. "The role of public health advocacy in achieving an outright ban on commercial tanning beds in Australia."American journal of public health104.2 (2014): e7-e9.

Weight Loss Dieting Essays - Nutrition, Health, Obesity, Diets

Weight Loss Dieting Safe weight loss can only truly be achieved by a careful diet and exercise. For years there have been hundreds of gimmicks ranging from pills, soaps, drinks, and unconventional diet plans. Desperate to lose weight, people invest hundreds of dollars each year to gimmicks and diet plans that do not work. Although some of these products do produce temporary results, they are not always safe and the lost weight normally comes back. It is proven that the only way to lose weight and keep it off is by a healthy diet and exercise. One out of every three Americans is overweight. The most common reason for being overweight is a sedentary lifestyle, a life style of little activity, and overeating. In order to control weight, caloric intake should be monitored. In order to lose weight people must take in fewer calories then what is burned. Therefore, if more calories are taken into the body then those that are burned, the person will gain weight. The intake of fatty foods should also be monitored due to the fact that one pound of fat is equal to about 3,500 calories. Losing weight is a long and sometimes even difficult process. However, it does have benefits. Losing weight will raise self esteem and generally makes the person happier. Fitness helps people deal with strong emotions and stress. As a result, people who exercise have better mental health compared to those who do not exercise. Being in a better physical condition has a large impact on mental health and can help a person deal with everyday situations and problems. A healthy diet is a necessity in order to lose weight and keep it off. A diet should be maintained and part of everyday life. After a person loses their desirable amount of weight if they go back to their old eating habits the weight will come back. This is called weight cycling, and this can go on for years. Weight cycling is not healthy and can be discouraging. It is important that a well-rounded diet is maintained throughout the persons life. A healthy diet should consist of adequate amounts from the five basic food groups. Six to eleven servings of breads and grains should be consumed a day. Three to five servings from the vegetable group. Two to four servings from the fruit group. And two to three servings from the dairy and meat groups. The fats, oils, and sweets group should not be consumed often. These are empty calorie foods and consist of mainly sugar and very little nutrients. The other necessity in losing weight is exercise. There are two basic types of exercise, anaerobic and aerobic. Anaerobic consists of intense physical activity in which the body's supply of oxygen to make energy does not meet the demand. Aerobic exercise uses a constant supply of oxygen. With aerobic exercises heart rate increases and more oxygen is transported to muscles. If a person is looking to lose weight an aerobic exercise would be a better choice then an anaerobic exercise. An aerobic exercise should be done for twenty to thirty minutes without stopping. They should be done regularly, at least three to four times a week. This will help maintain body composition and total fitness. When picking exercises, they should be appropriate for the location that the person lives in and facilities and weather should be carefully considered. The person should make sure that the exercises they choose are enjoyable and effective. Aerobic exercises consist of a warm-up, the work out, and a cool down. Warm-ups consists of stretching or jogging, anything that raises the heart rate. The workout is an aerobic exercise which can be any activity that can be done briskly for twenty to thirty minutes, such as, running, swimming, jogging, or dancing. The cool down consists of lowering the heart rate. Following a brisk work out a person should do an activity less rigorous then the work out its self for approximately five minutes, and after that the person should stretch for another five minutes. When people start their exercise program, they may become discouraged because of what their scale says. Exercising builds muscle, and because muscle weighs more than fat your body weight may not go down. However, your body fat ratio is lower. In order to lose weight muscles must be built up because that is where calories are burned. Therefore, when people start exercise programs they need to realize that what the scale says is not important, it's the percent body fat. Through